12-26 23:16:02 浏览次数:644次 栏目：教育学习
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出塞 ——王之涣
黄河远上白云间，
一片孤城万仞山。
羌笛何须怨杨柳，
春风不度玉门关。
出塞
王之涣
黄河发源于黄土高原，高入白云之间，矗立漠北的一座孤城，背倚万仞高山。莫须埋怨，羌笛吹奏折杨柳的悲调曲，谁还不知道，春风历来就不度玉门关。
题解：
这首诗旨在写凉州险僻，守边艰苦。诗的首句，写汹涌澎湃的黄河，发源于云端，突出其源远流长，展示边地广漠壮阔的风光。次句写凉州城的戍边堡垒，地处险要，境界孤危。 “一片”是唐诗常用词，通常与“孤”相连用（如 “一片孤云”、“孤帆一片”等等），这里即“一座”的意思。三句递转，写所闻。羌笛奏着《折杨柳》的曲调，勾起征夫离愁。唐时有折柳赠别的风俗，因而见杨柳而生愁，甚至听《折杨柳》歌而生怨。关外春风不度，杨柳不青，无法折柳寄情，听曲更生怨恨：“天寒地冻”、“征战无期”、 “归家无望”。然而， “怨”也罢，愁也罢，都是枉然，因而作“何须怨”。这种宽解语，着实委婉，深沉含蓄，耐人寻味，不愧为边塞诗的绝唱。
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