高二英语新课标必修五知识点

　　She came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.她一听说发生了事故，就立刻到现场来了。

　　The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。

　　9. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.

　　第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。

　　I suggest that you did not catch the 8 o'clock train, but that you caught the 8.25 train. 你没有搭8点钟的火车,而是搭的8点25分的车。

　　He suggested going out for a walk.= He suggested that we (should)go out for a walk. 他建议出去走走。

　　absorb的意思是“吸收；吸引；使专心；合并；吞并”，常用be absorbed in sth.表示“专心于某事”。

　　Clever children absorb knowledge easily. 聪明孩子容易吸收知识。

　　Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into the body. 阿司匹林很快被身体吸收了。

　　He is absorbed in his business. 他专心致志的处理业务。

　　be absorbed by被……吞并；为……所吸收  absorb … into吞并；吸……到……

　　absorb one’s attention吸引某人注意  absorb one’s time占用某人的时间

　　10. the affected person 患者

　　be affected by heat [cold] 中暑[着凉]

　　He was deeply affected by my words. 他听了我的话很受感动。

　　11. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, John Snow was ready to test these two theories.因此，在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱的时候，约翰斯诺着手准备对此进行调研。

　　be ready to do sth 乐于做，准备做

　　We were all hit by the depression. 我们都受到了不景气的影响。

　　Price increases hit everyone's pocket. 物价上涨冲击了每个人的钱袋。

　　Strike waves hit several Western European countries. 罢工的浪潮袭击了好几个西欧国家。

　　12. …the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.霍乱流行得很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。

　　severe 用作形容词，当它的意思为“严重的；严肃的”时，和serious相近；当它的意思为“严厉的；严格的”时，与strict 相近，常用结构be severe on(upon)/with sb.表示“对某人严厉或严格”；此外它还有“剧烈的；尖锐的；朴素的”的意思。

　　The drought is becoming increasingly severe. 旱灾日趋严重。

　　He is severe with his children. 和对子女很严格。

　　You are too severe on (upon) the boy. 你对那个男孩太严厉了。

　　I felt a severe pain in the chest. 我感到胸口剧烈疼痛。

　　表示“伤势严重”要用severe，不用serious； 但指“疾病严重”时，两者都可与illness连接。

　　She received severe head injuries in the accident.在事故中她的头部受了重伤。（此句不可用serious）

　　I was laid up for six weeks with a severe/serious illness.由于重病，我卧床六个星期。

　　13. The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。

　　valuable 的意思是“贵重的；有很大价值的；有用的；有帮助的”，其名词形式为value。

　　I have a valuable collection of painting. 我有一批很有价值的画。

　　This book is valuable to /for students of English. 这本书对学英语的学生很用。

　　valuable, valueless, invaluable, priceless与 worthless的用法区别：

　　(1)valuable, priceless, invaluable这三个词意思一样，都表示“贵重的；无价的”的意思。priceless意思为“无价的；价值连城的”，用于加强语气，加深程度等情况；比valuable的程度更强。invaluable的意思是“无法估价的；无价的”，不用于形容价值或金钱，而是指质或品质。

　　(2)valueless, worthless这两个词意思一样，表示“无价值的，无用的”的意思，worthless是个常用词，valueless很少用。

　　The jewel is of great value, and it is priceless. 这珠宝很有价值，是无价之宝。

　　This ancient gold coin isn’t just valuable, it’s priceless.这枚古代金币不仅贵重，而且价值连城。

　　Your advice is invaluable to us. 你的建议对我们来说是非常珍贵的。

　　The drawing is of no value, and it is worthless. 这画没有价值，它没有用。

　　It looked like gold, but in fact it was worthless (valueless). 这看起来像金子，其实毫无价值。

　　14. It seemed the water was to blame. 看来水是罪魁祸首。

　　blame用作动词，意为“责备；责怪；归咎于”的意思。常用结构为blame sb for sth./blame sth on sb (把某事归咎于某人)，be to blame for sth(应受责备；对某坏事应负责任)，此句就使用这种结构。

　　Don't blame it on him, but on me. 别怪他，该怪我。

　　They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan. 他们怪罪秘书造成计划延误。

　　The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.那次交通事故不应该责怪司机。

　　blame也可用作名词，意为“责任；责怪”。常见搭配有：bear/take/accept/get the blame for sth.（对某事承担责任），lay/put the blame for sth on sb（把某事归咎于某人）。

　　We should take the blame for our failure. 我们应该承担失败的责任。

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