英语阅读理解大解密:推理判断题解题

　　例题2：（2008年全国高考—北京卷C篇）
　　How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments－mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful?
　　…
　　The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.
　　…

　　64. How would the author describe the animals’ life in zoos?
　　A. Dangerous.  B. Unhappy.  C. Natural.  D. Easy.

　　答案与解析：

　　64. 选B。此题属于“态度及观点推断题”，由本段中的第一句话keeping
animals in cages in unnatural environments，以及后文当中的The animals are kept together in small spaces, 和 a sign of unhappiness and pain. 可以推断出作者认为动物园中的动物的生活不幸福。

　　4．篇章结构推断题

　　根据不同文章的内容和写作目的，作者会采取记叙、描写、议论、说明或应用文体。作者也会采用叙述、例证、比较对照等不同的组织结构。不同文体的阅读难度、要求和任务不同，阅读方法也应不同。增强对篇章结构的理解能力有助于提高阅读质量。

　　例题1：（2008年全国高考—湖北卷A篇）
　　Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy.
　　Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.
　　…

　　59. How does the writer explain birds’ singing?
　　A. By comparing birds with human beings.
　　B. By reporting experiment results.
　　C. By describing birds’ daily life.
　　D. By telling a bird’s story.

　　答案与解析：由文章第一、二两段可知作者是把鸟儿和人类进行对比。

　　例题2：（2008年全国高考—浙江卷C篇）
　　In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.
　　First of all, the job made huge demands on my strength…
　　…
　　I stayed on the job for five months, all the while hating the difficulty of the work, the poor money, and the conditions under which I worked. By the time I left, I was determined never to go back there again.

　　52. How is the text organized?
　　A. Topic—Argument—Explanation   
　　B. Opinion—Discussion--Description
　　C. Main idea—Comparison—Supporting examples  
　　D. Introduction—Supporting examples—Conclusion

　　答案与解析：选D。本题考查对语篇的结构理解。本文为记叙文的一般结构，本文叙述了作者上学时在一个苹果加工厂打工的经历。作者在第一段提出在苹果加工厂工作的辛苦，工资低和工作条件差（The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.），中间三段举例描述，最后一段得出“再也不愿意做”的结论（By the time I left, I was determined never to go back there again.）。

　　5．文章结论推断题

　　由具体到一般，对已知的事实进行归纳总结性推断称为结论。

　　例题：（2008年全国高考—广东卷D篇）
　　In 1837, the historian Carlyle made the first recorded use of the word " queue" (排队). He
spoke of the French and their "habit of standing in a queue". Forty years later Paris was the best
place to wait in line. However, queuing became popular in Britain too. The Second World War was the golden age of queuing, and people joined any line in the hope that it was a queue for something to buy. This was the source of many Second World War jokes:
　　Shopkeeper to customer: Excuse me, miss, are you pregnant (怀孕)?
　　Customer: Well, I wasn’t when I joined the queue.
　　Today, according to research in America, we (in Britain) can spend up to 5 years of our lives
queuing - as compared to twelve months looking for things we have lost. But things may be changing.
　　…
　　But some people just like queuing. One man queued all night for Harrods famous January sale, and then returned home for breakfast at nine o’ clock the next morning without going into the shop.

　　71. We can infer from the passage that ________.
　　A. queue management doesn’t work well
　　B. there is still queuing in England
　　C. we don’t see much queuing in Paris

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