高二英语下知识点总复习教案

　　5. Work with your partner and see whether you can come up with a good, scary story... 跟你的同伴一同看看是否能想出一个好的，引起惊慌的故事... (p.18 Listening Part 2 No. 4) come up with的用法

　　▲come up with在本单元中作"提出""想出"解。如： ① The young engineer came up with a new design. 那个年轻工程师提出一种新的设计方案。②The magazine recently came up with some advice on smoking.该杂志最近就吸烟问题提出一些忠告。③ You've come up with a good idea. 你想出的主意好极了。④ Scientists will have to come up with new methods of increasing the world's food supply. 科学家们必须找出增加全世界食品供应的新方法。

　　▲ come up with有"拿出..." "筹措钱"之意。如：① If Waths can come up with $15 million, we'll go to London. 如果瓦茨能够拿出一千五百万美元，我们就去伦敦。② You have no choice but t0 come up with ￡18, 000.你别无选择，必须拿出一万八千英镑。

　　▲ come up with亦可作"赶上"解。如：① Let's hurry up so that we may come up with them. 咱们快些走，以便赶上他们。② We shall have to work hard so as to come up with the other firm. 我们得努力工作才能赶上另一家商行。

　　6. Who benefits from using water in this way.以这种方法用水谁受益了? (p. 18 Speaking 第5 点)

　　▲ benefit的用法

　　(1) n. 利益；益处 I get a lot of benefit from learning a foreign language. 从学习外语中我得到许多益处。

　　▲ 注意：以下两个短语：be of benefit to对......有裨益；for the benefit of为了......(的利益)。① That experience was of great benefit to me. 那个经验对我很有益处。②We must make efforts to take exercise for the benefit of our health. 为了健康我们必须努力锻炼身体。

　　(2) vi. 有益于① Such foolish behaviour will not benefit your ease. 这样愚蠢的行为将无益于你的案子。② I benefited enormously from my father's advice. 我从父亲的忠告中获益良多。

　　【注】benefit可作为及物动词用，意为"有益于"。如：①The trade agreement will greatly benefit the developing countries.贸易会谈将大大的有益于发展中国家。②The new railway will benefit the district. 这条新铁路将会给这个地区带来好处。③ The long rest benefited her. 长期休息对她有好处。

　　▲ benefit from／by的用法: benefit from／by意为"从......中得益""得益于......"。如：① We can all benefit from his knowledge. 我们均可得益于他的知识。② You benefit from what he told you in the letter. 你会从他的信中受益。

　　Section II 阅读

　　7. 99% percent of the living space on earth is in the oceans. 地球上百分之九十九的生存空间是在海洋里。(p.19 第一段 第2－3行)

　　▲百分数作主语时，即percent后有数词时，应注意两点：一是percent不能用复数形式；二是谓语动词的单复数。如果percent of后的名词为单数，谓语动词用单数；其后的名词为复数，谓语动词则用复数。如：① About 70 percent of the surface of the earth is water.地球表面大约百分之七十是水。② Eight percent of the students are absent today.今天有百分之八的学生缺席。

　　【注】percent可作为副词用，在句中作状语。如：①I notice you don't say that you're a hundred percent convinced yourself. 我注意到你没有让你自己完全信服。 ② Prices have risen 5. 5 percent in the past year. 过去一年物价上涨了5.5%。③ I think it's ninety percent probable. 我想有百分之九十的可能性。

　　【注】percent也可作形容词用，在句中充当定语。如： I paid him six percent interest.我付给他百分之六的利息。

　　【注】percentage意为"百分比"，多与of连用。如果连用的名词是复数，后面的动词就用复数形式，否则用单数形式。如：① What percentage of babies die of this disease every year? 每年婴儿死于这种疾病的百分率是多少? ② What percentage 0f his income is paid in income tax? 他的收入有多大比例用来交所得税?

　　8. Marine life is incredibly rich and varied. 海洋生物极其丰富多样。(p.19 第一段 第3行)

　　▲varied是由动词vary变化而来的过去分词，在句中作定语或表语。如：① The menu is varied and cheap.菜单上的菜花样很多也很便宜。② They made varied efforts to bring about a peaceful solution of the problems. 他们做了种种努力来和平解决这些问题。③ They are rich in content and varied in style.它们内容丰富、风格多样。④ He had had varied training and had held many offices.他受过多种训练并担任过多种职务。

　　▲动词vary意为"有差异""有变化"时，是不及物动词。如：① Courses vary according to the needs of the students. 课程根据学生的需要而不同。②People vary very much in their ideas. 人与人的想法差别是很大的。③ The answers given by different people vary greatly.不同人作出的回答，差别非常大。

　　▲vary可作及物动词，意思是"使......有变化""变换"。如：①You should vary your diet. 你的饮食应经常变换花样。② She varies her dress as fashion changes. 她的衣着随潮流而变化。

　　【注】vary充当及物动词时，可用现在分词作定语。如：varying prices 不断变化的价格。

　　9. There are about five million species in the oceans and we have yet to learn much about them. 海洋里大约有500万种生物有关这些种群的情况，我们还有许多东西要了解。(p.19第一段第4行)

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