高二英语下知识点总复习教案

　　29. They killed the bison, cut off the skins and left the bodies behind to rot. 他们把野牛杀了，剥去牛皮，抛弃尸体，任其腐烂。(p.47 Integrating Skills Reading 第四段 第4行)

　　★leave...behind的两种用法

　　▲leave...behind作"留下"解释，是执行者有意识的动作。如: ① The men had all run away leaving only old women and children. 男人们都跑了，只留下年老的妇女和孩子。② I shall leave you behind if you are not quick. 如果你不快点，我就把你丢在后面不管了。③ In their withdrawal，much of the heavy equipment had to be left behind. 他们在撤退时不得不留下许多笨重的东西。 ④ His wife left behind two little girls. 他妻子死后留下两个小女孩。⑤ You'll have to put in some extra work at night if you don't want to get left behind. 如果你不想被别人超过，就必须利用晚上时间做更多的工作。

　　▲leave behind还有"遗忘" "遗留"之意，为执行者无意识的动作。如: ① 0h，dear! The travelling bag has been left behind. 唉呀!旅行袋忘了拿了。② It left behind a long train of problems and difficulties.这遗留下一连串问题和困难。③ I have left my keys behind at the office. 我把钥匙忘在办公室里了。

　　30. With fewer bison, grass shoots were not eaten, ... 因为野牛少了，嫩草没有牛吃，... (p.47 Integrating Skills Reading 最后一段 第1行) ▲ with

　　(1) 表原因 My hand were blue with cold. 我的双手冻得发紫。The captain was beef-red with anger. 上尉气得满脸通红。The boy trembled with fear. 这男孩害怕得

　　发抖。

　　(2) (表示方式等)......地，......着，以...... You must handle this parcel with care. 这个包裹你须小心轻放。He speaks English with ease and fluency. 她说英语不费力而且流利。She performed the operation with great skill.她极为熟练地给病人施行手术。

　　(3) (表示工具，手段等)用 Did you write with a pen or pencil? 你用钢笔写还是用铅笔写? It's best to draw lines with a ruler. 用尺子划线最合适。

　　31. ... which as a result became less good for growing plants. 这就越来越不适合植物的生长。(p. 47 最后一段第4行)

　　★as a result和as a result of

　　▲as a result意为"因此""所以"，后面的内容表示结果，而as a result of则意为"因为(由于)......"，of后面的内容表示原因；请对照下列例句，辨析这两个词组之间的差别。① My car broke down and as a result, I was unable to get there. 我的车出了故障，因此我没能到那里去。② The flight was delayed as a result of fog. 因有雾，该航班误点。③ We went on walking in spite of the rain, as a result, we all got a bad cold. 我们不顾下雨继续往前走，结果都得了重感冒。④ He was late as a result of the traffic jam.由于交通阻塞，他迟到了。

　　【注】as a result后面常接一个分句，as a result of常接名词、代词或动名词。

　　32. ... , and the insects which lived on these plants died out. 原来靠那些植物卫生的昆虫也都死了。(p. 47 最后一段第3行)

　　★die out的含义

　　(1) (指家族, 物种)死光, 灭绝, 绝迹 These animals have already died out.这些动物已经绝种。

　　(2) (指习俗，做法)消失，过时 ① The old traditions are dying out. 旧传统正在消失。② That style of music died out ten years ago.那种音乐十年前就听不到了。

　　(3) 作熄灭解，out为副词。 The fire has died out. 火熄了。

　　拓展：die away 消逝，平息，静下来; die down 平息，熄灭; die for 迫切想要; die from 由于......而死; die off 一个个死掉，绝种

　　【注】 注意die out与die away的区别，后者主要指风、声、光等自然现象逐渐停止、消失。如: ① The wind has died away again. 风又停了。 ② The sound of the car died away in the distance. 汽车的声响在远处消逝。

　　【注】die out意为"消亡""灭绝"，而die off则意为"(一个一个)地死亡"。如: ① The leaves of this plant are dying off. 这株植物的叶子正在一片一片地凋谢。② The deer in the forest are dying off from disease. 森林中的鹿正因疾病而陆续死亡。

　　33. This in turn had an effect on the food supply for wolves. 这样反过来又影响了狼的食物供应。(p. 47 最后一段第2行)

　　▲in turn意为"依次""逐个地""转而""反过来"。如: ① Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. 理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。② We'll cross the bridge in turn. 我们将挨个过桥。③ The students answered the teacher's questions in turn.学生们依次回答老师的问题。④ The boys were summoned in turn to see the examiner. 男孩们被依次叫进去见考官。⑤ He spends too much time on maths, and this in turn affects the progress of his other subjects.他在数学上花的时间太多，这同时影响他的其他学科的进步。

　　【注】以上用法中的turn不能用作复数。

　　【注】 take turns at (或in) doing sth. 意为"轮流做某事"，相当于do sth. in turn。注意两短语中名词的单复数。① Mary and Helen took turns at sitting up with their sick mother. 玛丽和海伦轮流熬夜陪伴她们生病的母亲。② The athletes took turns in singing songs and reciting poems. 运动员们一个接一个地唱歌和朗诵诗。

　　【注】 turn也可解释为"短时间的活动", 相当于a short period of activity, turn在这里作可数名词用。如: ① I'll take a few hams round the deck before I go to bed. 就寝之前我要在甲板上散一会儿步。② I'll take a turn at the oars now if you want a rest. 如果你要休息，我来划一会儿浆。

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