高二英语下知识点总复习教案

　　【注】hope后不能跟名词，但可以跟介词短语。如"盼望下雪"，不能 说成hope snow，而应该说hope for snow；hope可以跟不定式作宾 语，但不定式不能作宾语补足语。例如我们不能说I hope you to come soon，而应该说I hope that you'll come soon。

　　辨析：hope for；wish for与long for

　　这三个词组都可作"希望、愿望"讲，但含义略有区别：

　　① hope for指盼望得到好的或有好结果，这种希望或能实现或实现不了。

　　② wish for常指想拥有很难得到的东西。

　　③ long for指强烈的愿望或渴望，语气最强。

　　How I wish for a pair of wings! 我多么希望有一双翅膀啊! How he longs for a sense of being able to do things! 他多么渴望有能力办成事情啊!

　　拓展：pay for 为......付钱；fight for 为......而战；for all 尽管；for good 长期地；for nothing 不收费

　　12. I desire my pound of flesh. 我想要我的那一磅肉。(p. 67 Reading 倒数第六行) ▲ desire的用法

　　(1) desire意为"期望""想""希望"，后接名词或代词。如: ① All he desired then was some spare time for study. 那时候他想的只是有些空余时间进行学习。② I desire rest after such a long walk.在那么长的散步后，我很想休息一下。③ The stranger said that he desired an interview. 那个陌生人说他希望受到接见。④ He couldn't well express his feelings however much he desired it.他没法恰当地表达出他的感情，不管他多么想这样做。

　　(2) desire后可跟不定式作宾语。如: ① She had never desired to do anything like that. 她从来没希望做这样的事。② There are a number of things that I desire to say. 有几件事我想讲一下。③ She desires to go south. 她希望去南方。④ There's one small point which I should desire to clear up. 有一个小问题我想澄清一下。

　　(3) desire偶尔也可跟不定式作宾语补足语。如:① What do you desire me to do? 你希望我做什么? ② They desired him to go there at once.他们希望他马上到那里去。

　　(4) desire也可作"请求""要求"解释，后面接宾语从句。在从句中常用虚拟语气，即should + 动词原形。如：① He desired that all letters should be burnt after his death.他请求在他死后把全部信件烧掉。② She desired that you should go and see her at once. 她请你马上去见她。③ The doctor desired that we should wait. 医生请求我们等一等。 ④ The teacher desired that all the exercises should be handed in before school was over.老师要求所有的作业在放学前交出。

　　13. Enter Portia, dressed as the judge. 鲍西亚走进法庭，穿着法官制服。(p. 67 Reading 倒数第五行)

　　▲ dress的一种用法: 在本课中作"打扮自己"解释，常用于短语dress up as sb. 或 dress up for sth.。如: ① They all dress up as PLA men.他们都打扮成解放军模样。② The little boy likes to dress himself as a policeman. 这小男孩喜欢扮成警察。③ They tried to dress him up as a "national hero".他们想把他打扮成一个"民族英雄"。④ She dressed up in Elizabeth costumes for the fancy dress ball. 她穿上伊丽莎白时代的服装去参加化装舞会。⑤ Mary Was dressed up to play Cinderella. 玛丽化好装，扮演灰姑娘。

　　14. Greetings, learned judge! I do not envy you your job.您好，博学的法官，我并不嫉妒您的工作。(p. 67 Reading 倒数第四行) ▲ greetings

　　(1) greeting的意思是"问候语...'招呼(或动作)"，包括Hello / Hi / Good morning (after noon，evening) / Welcome / How are you等见面时的问 候，也包括在节日致以的问候，如Merry Christmas / Happy New Year /Happy birthday等，在本课中，直接用Greetings是一种非常正式的问候语，用在极为正式的场合说话者带有一种很恭敬的语气的情景中。如：① "Greetings, Reverend" he said respect- fully. 他恭敬地说："牧师，您好"。

　　(2) greetings可表示"祝愿""祝贺""问候语"，如我们常看到的圣诞卡片上的词语Season's Greetings致节日的问候、birthday greetings生日贺词、Christmas Greetings圣诞快乐以及greeting card贺卡等。

　　▲ envy (1) 羡慕；嫉妒 My success excited his envy. 我的成功引起了他的嫉妒。(2) vt. 嫉妒；羡慕 常用予 v.+ n. / pron. 或 v. + n. / pron. + n. / pron. (双宾) 结构。John envied his friend's success. 约翰嫉妒朋友的成功。I envy you your good fortune. 我羡慕你的好运。

　　注意：① envy后接两个宾语时，这两个宾语都是直接宾语，都可以直接和动词连用。② envy后不接从句。③ envy作名词时，其后接介词at或of。如：The boy's new toy was the envy of his friends. 这个男孩的新玩具是他的朋友妒忌的对象。

　　▲ envy也可以作名词用，为不可数名词，后接介词at，of或toward。① They only say such unkind things about you out of envy.他们是出于忌妒才讲了你那么多的坏话。 ② He felt envy at my success.他羡慕我的成功。③ His envy of his brother soon turned into jealousy. 他对哥哥的羡慕很快变成了忌妒。

　　辨析：envy与jealousy 这两个词都有"嫉妒"的意思。jealousy着重对别人占有的东西恼恨不满。envy着重由于别人获得了自己本想获得的东西或成就而产生不快。如：His envy of his brother soon turned to jealousy. 他对弟弟的嫉妒很快变成了恼恨。

　　联想：admire 钦佩、赞赏；envious adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的；enviously adv. 羡慕地；嫉妒地

　　15. This is a most troublesome case. 这是一个非常麻烦的案子。(p. 67 Reading 倒数第三行) ▲ most

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