高二英语下知识点总复习教案

　　(2) declare后面可接复合结构，该复合结构可由形容词、介词短语、不定式、分词充当。如: ① The teacher declared Tom chosen. 老师宣布汤姆被选上了。② The chairman declared the meeting open.主席宣布开会。③ The boys declared themselves against cheating. 男孩子们宣称他们自己也反对欺骗行为。④ They declared his story to be true.他们声明他的说法是真实的。

　　辨析：announce 与 declare

　　① announce 宣布 (含有"预告"的意思) It was announced that there would be a celebration on Sunday. 据宣布，星期日要举行庆祝(会)。

　　② 用announce说个人要做什么事时，常含有"郑重其事"的意思。The boy announced that he was going to try out his toy plane that afternoon. 那男孩向大家宣布，他下午要试飞他的玩具飞机。

　　③ declare宣布 (如：公开宣布战争、和平、中立、意见等) This power country declared war on that small country. 这个大国向那个小国宣战。

　　联想：declarer n. 宣告者；declared adj. 公然宣称的 (同) announce announcement n. (可数)通告，布告

　　拓展：declare oneself 表明自己的立场；declare peace 宣布和平；declare war on (against) 对......宣战

　　Section III 词汇语法、综合技能

　　20. Antonio lost all his ship at sea ... Antonio在茫茫大海上丢了所有的船 (p. 69 Language Study Ex.2)

　　▲ at sea及其他

　　(1) at sea表示"在茫茫大海上"，意指"离海岸很远"。如: ① Now his ships were all at sea. 现在他的船都出海了。② The ship hit an iceberg and buried at sea.这船撞上了冰山，葬身海底。③ Several ships were lost at sea owing to the hurricane. 由于飓风，好几艘船在海上失踪。

　　(2) at sea前面加上all或completely时，引申为"茫然不知所措"之意。如: ① I'm all at sea. I can't understand that problem.我简直是一片茫然，我无法理解这个问题。② He was all at sea when he began his new job. 他开始新工作时，茫然不知所措。 ③ Would you please explain it again? I'm all at sea.你能否再解释一下?我一点儿也不懂。④ The girl was completely at sea when her mother scolded her. 当母亲责怪她时，女孩茫然不知所措。

　　▲ 请注意by sea与by the sea的区别，前者表示"经海路"，后者表示 "在海边"。如: ① "How did you go there? By train?" "No, we went there by sea." "你们怎么到那里去的?乘火车?""不，我们乘船去的那里。" ② The Turners lived by the sea. 特纳一家住在海边。

　　▲注意go to the sea与go to sea的区别，前者意为"去海滨"(度假或野餐)，后者表示"去当水手"。如: ① Last Sunday, the students in Class Two went to the sea.上星期天，二班的学生去海边玩。② "I want to go to sea when I grow up." said the boy to his mother. 这小男孩对母亲说："我长大了要去当水手。"

　　21. Shylock advances towards Antonio and prepares to use his knife. 夏洛克朝安东尼奥走去，准备割肉。(p. 71 Integrating Skills 第一行) ▲ 动词advance及其用法

　　(1) advance在本课中意为"前进...'发展...'往前走"，相当于step forward。如: ① They advanced to meet the guests. 他们走上前迎接客人。② About 80 percent of the graduates advanced to senior middle school. 约有百分之八十的毕业生升入高中。③ We were ordered to advance on the enemy position under cover of darkness.我们得到命令，在黑夜的掩护下向敌人阵地进攻。④ The troops advanced rapidly to the village. 部队迅速前进到那个村庄。

　　(2) advance可作及物动词用，意为"提出"。如: ① He was among the first to advance the idea that the earth was round. 他是最早提出地球是圆的这一观点的人中的一个。② The proposal he advanced at the meeting was not accepted.他在会上提出的建议没有被接受。③ He had no chance to advance his opinion.他没有机会提出自己的意见。

　　(3) advance还有"增进...'促进""提前""提升"之意。如: ① This will further advance the friendly relations between the two countries.这将进一步增进两国之间的友好关系。② The time of the meeting was advanced by an hour. 会议时间提前了一个小时。③ He was soon advanced to the position of Secretary of State.不久他就被提升为国务卿了。④ Such books are likely to advance your knowledge of European history.

　　这一类书可能会增进你对有关欧洲历史知识的了解。

　　(4) advance也可作名词用，意思和动词差不多。如: ① The enemy couldn't make any advance, nor could they go back. 敌人进不得，也退不得。② Great advances have been made in medical science. 医疗科学取得巨大的进展。

　　【注】in advance意思是"预先""在前面"，而in advance of意思是"在...前""超过..."。如: ① The subject of the discussion is announced a week in advance.讨论的题目提前一周公布。② I had asked everyone to raise questions in advance of the meeting. 我要求大家在会议前提出问题。③ He arrived half an hour in advance. 他提前半小时到达。

　　【注】in advance of也可引申为"比...先进"。如： Our equipments are far in advance of theirs. 我们的设备远比他们的先进。

　　22. If you let one drop of his blood fall, you will lose...要是你让他身上的血流下一滴，有就会失去... (p. 71 Integrating Skills 第三行) ▲ drop

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